Peer Pressure Essays - Youth, Human Behavior, Habits, Management

Peer Pressure Peer Pressures of High School Glaring down at the reddish glow coming from the tip of the cigarette, I found out that I was in a peer pressure situation. Peer Pressure can be a huge problem for some young adults. It can sometimes be positive, but most of the time it's negative and destructive. Smoking is just one of the peer pressures someone can go through. Alcohol and staying out late can also be huge peer pressures in high school. I know this because I have experienced them for myself. Drinking, smoking and staying out late were constant peer pressures throughout my high school career. Looking down at the cigarette and being encouraged by my friend to take a hit off of it, I knew that smoking was not something I wanted to do at that time in my life. Although smoking wasn't a huge peer pressure for me, it can be for others. Some of my friends did give into the pressure and are now addicted to cigarettes, and wish they hadn't give in to that peer pressure in high school. I would have say that during high school, smoking was the most persistent peer pressure. It was at every party and gathering. Although it was there all the time sometimes alcohol would ?rear its ugly head? at some of the parties. Drinking was probably the most dangerous peer pressure. It was extremely illegal for an underage adult to be caught drinking during this time. I never experienced this peer pressure during high school because I didn't hang around those types of people during that time. They were the types of people who didn't think it was a ?party? unless there was alcohol involved. I have seen drinking totally deteriorate people, because it got the best of them. Some of my friends totally changed after they started drinking. At first it was just a social thing to do at parties, but then lead on to drinking during their ?spare time?. It affected their grades and their overall behavior. I do think this was the most dangerous peer pressure in high school, but there was always the pressure to stay out late. Staying out late was a peer pressure I gave into on several occasions during high school. I know it affected my grades many times, and also made me late for school more than once. In high school you could always spot the students who stayed out late. Those students were always the ones falling asleep in class. When I was hanging around with the ones who never did stay out late, I always got to school on time and never fell asleep in class. Peer pressure was not impossible to resist in high school. I found out in order to keep you away from certain peer pressures just stay away from those who you knew would try to influence you. Resisting peer pressure is all in whom you go out with, and whom you call your ?friends?. Peer pressure cannot be totally avoided, but staying away from situations where you know a peer pressure situation will occur, will help your odds.

Free Essays on Emilia Cost Lago

Emilia may be considered to be a minor character in Shakespeare’s Othello, she does seem to play a major role in the play. Emilia, the wife of the villainous Iago is a confusing character to follow throughout the play. Not only is she the wife of the villain, but her character is also the mistress of Desdemona. Shakespeare does a good job of incorporating her hot/cold character into the play before her death at the end of the play. Throughout much of the play Emilia’s character takes a backseat role before she makes her presence felt in act three. She is the attendant for Desdemona who had been secretly married to Othello before the start of the play, but is also the wife of Iago. (Her character is finally introduced to the audience in the middle of act two.) By the end of act two it is obvious that she is just a pawn in her husbands scheme. He convinces her to speak to Desdemona on the behalf of Cassio. Iago in his devious scheme never thinks twice about using his wife to set his plan in motion, which proves to be one of his downfalls. This may be because Iago suspects that his wife has slept with Othello, though he has no proof and is unwilling to confront either on the subject. Emilia who appears loyal to Desdemona, before her loyalty suddenly switches to her husband (when she gives him the handkerchief) has now established herself as an unknowing accomplice to her husband. She later betrays Desdem ona again, when she lies of the whereabouts of the handkerchief. As mentioned before Emilia serves more as a pawn in Iago’s scheme, but she begins to become an elusive character as the play continues. Her Jekyll and Hyde actions seem to only confuse the audience and help seal the long-term fate of Othello, Desdemona and herself. Her loyalty towards her husband is bizarre considering he has asked her to steal Othello’s handkerchief as many as a hundred times. Emilia later tries to convince Othello that Desdemona is leading a f... Free Essays on Emilia Cost Lago Free Essays on Emilia Cost Lago Emilia may be considered to be a minor character in Shakespeare’s Othello, she does seem to play a major role in the play. Emilia, the wife of the villainous Iago is a confusing character to follow throughout the play. Not only is she the wife of the villain, but her character is also the mistress of Desdemona. Shakespeare does a good job of incorporating her hot/cold character into the play before her death at the end of the play. Throughout much of the play Emilia’s character takes a backseat role before she makes her presence felt in act three. She is the attendant for Desdemona who had been secretly married to Othello before the start of the play, but is also the wife of Iago. (Her character is finally introduced to the audience in the middle of act two.) By the end of act two it is obvious that she is just a pawn in her husbands scheme. He convinces her to speak to Desdemona on the behalf of Cassio. Iago in his devious scheme never thinks twice about using his wife to set his plan in motion, which proves to be one of his downfalls. This may be because Iago suspects that his wife has slept with Othello, though he has no proof and is unwilling to confront either on the subject. Emilia who appears loyal to Desdemona, before her loyalty suddenly switches to her husband (when she gives him the handkerchief) has now established herself as an unknowing accomplice to her husband. She later betrays Desdem ona again, when she lies of the whereabouts of the handkerchief. As mentioned before Emilia serves more as a pawn in Iago’s scheme, but she begins to become an elusive character as the play continues. Her Jekyll and Hyde actions seem to only confuse the audience and help seal the long-term fate of Othello, Desdemona and herself. Her loyalty towards her husband is bizarre considering he has asked her to steal Othello’s handkerchief as many as a hundred times. Emilia later tries to convince Othello that Desdemona is leading a f...

Whats Wrong with Aint

Whats Wrong with Aint Whats Wrong with Aint Whats Wrong with Aint By Maeve Maddox Back when I taught junior high school English I used to tell my students that they were allowed to use the word aint in their speaking and writing. When they recovered their composure I went on to explain that they could use it in only one context. They could not say or write I aint because there was a standard expression they could use: Im not. They could not say or write He aint, she aint, or they aint because there were standard forms for those: He isnt, she isnt, they arent. They could, however, say or write Aint I? I pointed out that the usual standard form of arent I was not exactly grammatical. Would anyone ever say are I not? My eccentric rule had the effect of making my students think about the verbs is and are. And it made us all realize how seldom anyone has occasion to say aint I? anyway. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Grammar category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:50 Rhetorical Devices for Rational WritingHow to Pronounce Mobile

Discussion borad about special education students Essay

Discussion borad about special education students - Essay Example Most practitioners maintain a reactive stance to various scenarios and the way majority respond to dilemmas or pressing situations are mirrored by the students who look on educators as role models. The diverse applications provided by technological breakthroughs and gadgets give students the orientation and privilege of locating solutions as the tip of their hands. Gone were the days when answers to traditional home works could only be researched by going to the school library and searching for the answers from diverse sources, using extra time and effort to prepare for the compliance of academic requirements. Now, students sit in front of the computer and navigate as answers unfold right in front of their eyes. But this is technological development and no one could contest the path it takes. The most that academicians could do at the point is to design strategies that would use technology in creative and innovative ways to hone problem solving and analytical skills of children. Our external environment provides immediate access to information and our students are just responding to the availability and easy access according to what is expected of them. As educators have already acknowledged that information is readily accessible, and its easy access endangers the ability of students to apply critical thinking, analyzing and problem-solving skills, the more that this environment should provide a challenge for us to use it to our advantage. We should be the one to change our stances to pro-active rather than merely reactive to address the dilemma of students’ inability to apply the needed skills in various scenarios. As a colleague has posted, â€Å"problem-solving, critical thinking and brainstorming often require additional time, team building skills and the effort to go the extra mile†. Teachers should provide the appropriate environment to hone these skills in students and enable them to discern the appropriate skills to use in times when these are needed.

The connection between happiness and religion in general and the Essay

The connection between happiness and religion in general and the positive correlation therein - Essay Example The purpose of the essay is to investigate the connection existing between happiness and religion. Happiness and religion exists mainly because many, if not all, of the religions tend to focus on the minds of the followers. Studies have revealed that while not many religions may explicitly express their full support or agreement to positive psychology, many embrace it. That is to say, the components of positive psychology are normally applied in many of the religious teachings though without using the same terms. In positive psychology, the central ideology is focusing on the positive even when faced with an enormous challenge. Similarly, in many religions, the followers are encouraged to rely on a being capable of helping them with the challenge. Therefore, when this happens, the people feel the burden is not insurmountable and tend to hold a positive attitude. Consequently, the religious people are compelled to remain positive in the midst of challenges. It is after remaining positive that religious people exhibit happiness since one’s psychological state is imperative to happiness. Notwithstanding these assertions, there is a disparity when it comes to the role played by religion in various social classes. For instance, the poorest people in the society may attribute much of their success to religion unlike the others who, despite holding religious beliefs, may take credit. In short, religion does indeed influence happiness but in different capacities depending on the class of people involved. Religious individuals of higher status in the society may not always ascribe to religion as their source of happiness. Conversely, the others who cannot in any way control their lives will most likely rely on the beliefs and practices to find insurance, happiness and satisfaction in religious places. In light of the above, it is evident that even though religion does indeed have a significant impact on one’s happiness, it

Example speech Essay Example for Free

Example speech Essay Good day! I hope you had a great start of the day just as I had. Of course knowing that I’ll be speaking here in front of you makes me feel very flattered and honoured. Before I start, I would like first to share a saying that I truly believe, communication starts for those who works for it. And that communication includes writing a letter, let alone writing a business letter. Writing a business letter is just like writing other types of letter it includes not only the message itself but also other important and optional parts. The important parts includes the heading which tells the identity of the sender; the inside address that tells the reader to whom the letter is address; greeting which introduces your letter in professional tone; the body of the letter is of course, the most important section of the letter-from both the writers and the readers point of view; the closing is typically a short, one word ending that tells your reading that they have reached the end of your letter and the signature, under the closing and reiterate the identity of the sender. The optional part that is only used when required it includes attention line, subject line which is used to give the reader advance notice of what your letter is all about and some note that is used when we included some envelope or package, send copy of the letter to one or more persons and wishes or not to let the addressee know, these notations can be enclosure notation, mailing notation, carbon copy notation or blind copy notation. While the most familiar, the post script is used when the writer has intentionally forgotten to mention something and to draw the readers attention to a particular important point. When writing a business letter, we dont just consider the part but also know how these parts should be arranged in other words the arrangement styles of the letter. There are different styles in which the parts are positioned. It can be block style in which all the parts begin at the left margin or modified block style where only the position of the date line, complimentary closing and the writers identification starts at the horizontal center of the page. But if you want your letter to have the format of modified block style and the first line of all the paragraphs are indented then you can use the modified-block style with indented paragraphs or semi-block style. While some people prefer the social business style because of it differs from regular business letter styles in a number of ways such as instead of opening the letter, the inside address may be typed at the left margin five lines below the signature line and the reference notations, enclosure notations, carbon copy notations and often the writers typewritten signature are omitted and so on and so forth. Using the formats and arrangement styles, you will be sure to send letters that look attractive and modern. However, they cannot be effective and promote goodwill if your writing is not well-organized and the ideas are not well-planned. Thats why we need to know the different kinds of the business letter. One could hardly name all the kinds of business letter written but here are the most frequently use. The request letter or â€Å"please send me† letter, these are letters written for simple request for information, literature, appointments, reservations and so on. And the kind of letter that answers these letters are called form the name it suggest without a doubt, the letter answering requests. Meanwhile, when the person who has been inconvenient or offended writes a letter of protest, it is called claim letter or also known as complain letter. And the letter that answer these letters are called adjustment letters. Next kind is for those who want to request for a credit or would like to remind the person who did not pay you what they owe to you, the credit and collection. Next is every letter business people write, the sales letter, these are written for specific purpose of selling good or service. And the kind of letter that everyone uses, especially you my dear listeners sooner or later, the application letter, it includes inquiring about a position, letters of application, letters thanking an employer and resignation letter. While there are different kinds of business letter, these kinds of letters can be handled simply in term of the readers anticipated reactions. These three basic letter patterns enable the writer to solve problems with request, order, claim, adjustment and what have you. First is the everday letter, it take a direct approach and are simple to write. While more skillfully writing techniques are needed when showing the reader why he/she should take and action before you actually ask the action to be taken, which is the persuasive letters. The last is the most difficult, bad news letter, it is when you are refusing request, adjustment or credit. Like the persuasive letter it should be take an indirect approach. Of all thats been said and done, the best way we all need to consider in writing a business letter or any letter is the preparation and proper approach to have a effective communication. Again like I said earlier, communication works for those who works for it. Thank you for inviting me here and listening to me for a couple of minutes. Thank you and God bless!

Plato :: essays research papers

Few definite details are known of Plato's life. He was born in Athens c. 427 BC and was the youngest son of Ariston, of an old and wealthy family. It is claimed that his real name was Aristocles, with "Plato" (meaning "the broad") being a nickname given to him because of his wrestler's physique. He served in the last years of the Peloponnesian War between Athens and Sparta, and after democracy was restored in Athens in 403 BC he hoped to enter politics. However, the realities of political life as well as the execution of his mentor Socrates in 399 BC drove him to abandon this goal. After the death of Socrates, Plato left Athens and traveled in Italy, Sicily and Egypt, where he learned the function of a water clock. In Italy he came in contact with the ideas of Pythagoras, which gave him a new appreciation of mathematics. After serving again in the military, he returned to Athens in 387 BC and founded his Academy, which he presided over until his death in 347 BC and which survived for nearly a thousand years after. His works include discussions of mathematics, ethics, science and philosophy, usually in the form of dialogues. Some of the most famous are the Republic, Phaedo, and Symposium. Famous quotations by Plato: A hero is born among a hundred, a wise man is found among a thousand, but an accomplished one might not be found even among a hundred thousand men. All men are by nature equal, made all of the same earth by one Workman; and however we deceive ourselves, as dear unto God is the poor peasant as the mighty prince. Courage is a kind of salvation. Courage is knowing what not to fear. Cunning... is but the low mimic of wisdom. Democracy... is a charming form of government, full of variety and disorder; and dispensing a sort of equality to equals and unequals alike. Democracy passes into despotism. Good people do not need laws to tell them to act responsibly, while bad people will find a way around the laws. He was a wise man who invented beer. He who is of calm and happy nature will hardly feel the pressure of age, but to him who is of an opposite disposition youth and age are equally a burden. Honesty is for the most part less profitable than dishonesty. Knowledge which is acquired under compulsion obtains no hold on the mind.

“Horses of the Night” by Margaret Laurence Essay

How an individual looks at life makes all the difference in how it will turn out. In the story, â€Å"Horses of the Night,† by Margaret Laurence, a young and innocent narrator, Vanessa, befriends the much older Chris, who deals with his problems by hiding in his own fantasy world. Chris and Vanessa are character-foils of each other, and their perspectives are represented accordingly. Vanessa’s perspective keeps her grounded to reality, and Chris’s is a very negative force in his life. Laurence shows that the abnormal perspective that Chris holds has very tragic consequences. Just as the time in which â€Å"Horses of the Night† is set infuses the story with an atmosphere of despair, so does the predicament that Chris faces from the beginning of his appearance in the story. Although Chris has at least high hopes on the outside that he will make it to college, the reader, his family, and possibly even him know that, â€Å"the answer is a foregone conclusion†: he won’t be able to afford it. Vanessa is aware that she is living during the Depression, but it affects her much less than it does Chris. From her perspective, â€Å"the Depression and drought were external and abstract, malevolent gods whose names I secretly learned although they were concealed from me, and whose evil I sensed only superstitiously.† Chris tries to escape from his hardships by taking a viewpoint of optimism, and often enhancing things to seem better than they are. For example, Chris tells Vanessa he is going to be a world traveler when in reality he is only becoming a traveling salesman. Chris wants people’s judgments of him to be good, and also believes his own mistruths to create a better sense of self-worth for himself. One of the reasons he is fond of children younger than himself is because of their adoration for him. Vanessa is also aware of being judged poorly, but more so by Chris than anyone else. From her perspective, the relationship between Chris and her is tarnished by the age difference. Although Chris is always hopeful on the outside, on the inside he is utterly pessimistic. On the night when Chris and Vanessa stay at the lake, he expresses his true feelings for the first time. When he is talking about the stars, he points out that, â€Å"we won’t ever get to know [about the stars]†. We  also learn that he is bitter about the nature of the universe. â€Å"People usually say there must be a God,† he said, â€Å"but that’s ridiculous.† On the other side of Chris is Vanessa. Vanessa is relatively unresponsive to Chris’s rants about the world. She was not going to argue with him at the time, but we learn that she does not take his cynical view when she hesitantly says, â€Å"sometimes,† when referring to his perspective of the stars. Laurence shows that as a character thinks, a character’s life unfolds. Vanessa and Chris, although good friends, have very different perspectives of the world they live in, and for Chris, his negativity ends up destroying his mind.

Vatican Council Ii

Concilium Oecumenicum Vaticanum Secundum (The Vatican Council II) The Second Vatican Council was formally opened by Pope John XXIII on 11 October 1962 and closed under Pope Paul VI on 8 December 1965. Its aim was â€Å"†¦ to throw open the windows of the Catholic Church so that we can see out and the people can see in. † – Pope John XXIII. T The main topics discussed were the Church itself, ecumenism and other religions, relation to the modern world and the liturgy of mass. The Catholic Church recognised the increasing rift between people and their relationship with God and the Church, and created four constitutions which addressed the issue.Dei Verbum (Dogmatic Constitution on Divine Revelation), Lumen Gentium (Dogmatic Constitution on the Church), Gaudium et Spes (Pastoral Constitution on the Church in the Modern World), Sacrosanctum Concilium (Constitution on the Sacred Liturgy). These documents are responses to the external issues and internal issues that impac ted the Church, and are further discussed later. The 1960’s was a huge counter-cultural movement which challenged the traditional codes of behaviour linked to sexuality and interpersonal relationships.With the sexual revolution brought the normalisation of pre-marital sex, the contraception and the pill, homosexuality and later; the legalisation of abortion. There was a rapid evolution of a youth subculture which encouraged experimentation and change, and religious values were disregarded and replaced with hedonistic attitudes. This impacted the Church because the one of the fundamental teachings of the Church is that sexual intercourse is only to express married love and for the procreation of children.The Church opposed abortion and contraception as it goes against their teachings and this caused an uproar from the feminists. Their argument was that they should have â€Å"free choice because it’s my body†. The Church until this time was also a male dominant bo dy, and women began to fight for the right to become a priest and for female altar servers. The advancement of technology also impacted the Church as prior to TV and travelling technology, society had a narrow view of the world, and mainly stuck to their own local community.The Church had played a huge role in their life because of this. But when TV became more popular, people began to spend more time watching TV and learning about things more relevant to their lives, and it became another â€Å"voice† they listened to. With the rise of technology, the â€Å"voice† of the Church became less significant. These were the major social changes which impacted the Church and some changes were made to counter the issues. During this time the Church was also facing internal issues as well as being confronted with social changes.Mass attendance was falling due to a lot of social changes. This included the sexual revolution, the role of women in society and decreased respect for the church as an authority figure. â€Å"The sexual revolution was a development in the modern world which saw the significant loss of power by the values of a morality rooted in the Christian tradition and the rise of permissive societies of attitudes that were accepting of greater sexual freedom and experimentation that spread all over the world. † (Extract from Wikipedia).Falling mass attendance may also have been due to people not being able to understand the mass, as it was in Latin or maybe feeling that the Church was too hierarchal in the way that the laity weren’t allowed to contribute during mass. Another issue was that religious numbers were also falling as many of the religious and priests had left Europe on missions. There was also tension between Protestant Churches and the Catholic Church, as the Church’s main goal was to convert as many people to Catholicism as possible.The role and structure of the Church was also under speculation as many though t the Church needed an â€Å"update† to society, and others believed that the old traditions should not be changed at all, and this caused some conflict within the Church. In order to deal with these internal and external issues, the Vatican Council II created four documents which responded to these matters. The first dogmatic constitution was Dei Verbum which was about Divine Revelation.Divine Revelation can be defined as God’s activity in making himself and his purposes known to mankind through Christ, the prophets and the apostles. Pre Vatican II, the Church taught that only priests could read and interpret scripture. But Council stated â€Å"Easy access to Sacred Scripture should be provided for all the Christian faithful. But since the word of God should be accessible at all times, the Church by her authority and with maternal concern sees to it that suitable and correct translations are made into different languages, especially from the original texts of the sac red ooks. †(Dei Verbum p. 22). This basically meant that anyone could read the bible, but the magisterium alone has been trusted with guiding and teaching the meaning of the scripture with the help of the Holy Spirit. The aim of this change was so that â€Å"Through the reading and study of the sacred books â€Å"the word of God may spread rapidly and be glorified† (Thessalonians. 3:1) and the treasure of revelation, entrusted to the Church, may more and more fill the hearts of men. This change was adopted because the bible was written for everyone and therefore everyone has the chance to learn all about God’s Revelation and his gifts to all people. The second dogmatic constitution is Lumen Gentium which redefined the structure and role of the Church. The church recognises Christ as the head of the body, and as the image of the invisible God, and that all members must be formed in his likeness until Christ is formed in them. It also became more focused on divers ity and pluralism, rather than being a private circle of religious.It said that â€Å"In virtue of this catholicity each part contributes its own gifts to other parts and to the whole Church, so that the whole and each of the parts are strengthened by the common sharing of all things and by the common effort to attain fullness in unity,† (Lumen Gentium p. 13), explaining that the Church is not just about bishops, priests and the pope, but also all the faithful. Priests were described as â€Å"its support and mouthpiece, called to the service of the People of God,† (Willis, M. Lumen Gentium Summary, p. 3), which clarified their vocation as not just preaching the word of God, but also being there to guide and support the community. A dogmatic constitution on the Church was also formed about sacred liturgy. This document revealed the changes made to mass. One of the external issues during the 60’s was falling mass attendance. The youth were rebelling and trying new things and their attitude towards the Church had changed. Before Sacrosanctum Concilium, there were several differences between the traditional mass, and the mass we know today. God who â€Å"wills that all men be saved and come to the knowledge of the truth† (Timothy 2:4).Probably the biggest change was that the language of the mass changed from Latin to vernacular. This meant that the laity could now completely understand what was going on at mass. To promote participation, the people were encourages to take part by means of readings, responses, hymns and giving out communion. The communion rail was withdrawn, and the priest now has his back to the tabernacle to face the people. The document also allowed altar girls. These changes were made so that the Church was more appealing to people, so that they felt more welcome and interested in the Church again.The last dogmatic constitution made was Gaudium et Spes. This document deals with the relevance of the Church and its pla ce it society. It also talks about interaction with other faiths. The Council expresses a desire to engage in conversation with the entire human family so that the Church can cooperate in solving contemporary problems. It addresses this Constitution to Catholics, to all Christians, and to the whole of humanity. The Council sets out to establish a working relationship with the world, claiming â€Å"Christ, to be sure, gave His Church no proper mission in the political, economic or social order.The purpose which He set before her is a religious one. But out of this religious mission itself come a function, a light and an energy which can serve to structure and consolidate the human community according to the divine law. † (Gaudium et Spes p. 11). The Church is desired to assist the whole of humanity to overcome all strife and conflict between nations, and this sense of unity comes from one of its fundamental beliefs that the Church is one with the Holy Spirit. One way this was shown Pope John XXIII invited other Christians outside of the Catholic Church to send observers to the Council.Acceptances came from both the Protestant denominations and Eastern Orthodox churches. The goal of conforming people to Catholicism was no more, instead the Church now preaches Ecumenism. While helping the world and receiving many benefits from it, the Church has a single intention: that God's kingdom may come, and that the salvation of the whole human race may come to pass. â€Å"The Council wished to ponder the many problems and possibilities of the modern world â€Å"in the light of the gospel and of human experience†. Michael Paul Gallagher SJ, Reaching out to the world: Gaudium et Spes). In its final form, Gaudium et Spes encourages a â€Å"new humanism† marked by a greater sense of our responsibility for history. God, so to speak, gives the world into our hands. We are dramatically free and called, with the help of grace, to transform this planet throug h loving service. These responses strengthened the mission of the Church for a contemporary society. The Church acknowledged that there was growing secularism in society, and that growing numbers of people are abandoning religion in practice. Church does not only communicate divine life to men but in some way casts the reflected light of that life over the entire earth, most of all by its healing and elevating impact on the dignity of the person, by the way in which it strengthens the seams of human society and imbues the everyday activity of men with a deeper meaning and importance†, (Gaudium et Spes, p. 40) summarises the mission of the Church in contemporary society; to bring salvation. It was Pope John XXIII who realised that the Church had â€Å"†¦ o throw open the windows of the Catholic Church so that we can see out and the people can see in,† (Pope John XXIII), so that they can understand and come to terms with the always changing society, to reform itself to the needs of the people. Through the four dogmatic constitutions of the Second Vatican Council, the Church was able to renew their relationship with the world, renovate new ways to communicate with the whole of humanity, and achieve its goal of making Church more engaging and relevant to a contemporary society.The Second Vatican Council was the most significant event for the Catholic Church in the 20th century. It had four aims; to impart an ever increasing vigour to the Christian life of the faithful, to adapt more closely to the need of our age those institutions which are subject to change, to foster whatever can promote union among all who believe in Christ and to strengthen whatever can help to call all mankind into the Church’s fold.The four dogmatic constituents; Sacrosanctum Concilium, Gaudium et Spes, Dei Verbum and Lumen Gentium, addressed internal and external issues that impacted the Church, and endeavoured to answer them. Such issues included the sexual revolu tion of the 60’s, the feminist movement, the reformation of the protestant church, and falling mass attendance. The responses strived to improve these circumstances and help to bring people closer to God. The allowance of female altar servers, the changes to liturgy in order to make it more engaging to people and the preaching of ecumenism helped restore elationships between the Church and the faithful, and the Church and other religions. There are still unresolved issues and debates involving the Church, such as contraception and abortion and the request for female priests, and if the Church was to call another Council, these would be the issues discussed. Overall, the Second Vatican Council was successful in making a difference and re-establishing its role in the world today. REFERENCES Pope Paul VI; Dogmatic Constitution on Divine Revelation – Dei Verbum. (n. d. ).Retrieved April  13, 2013, from http://www. vatican. va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/docu ments/vat-ii_const_19651118_dei-verbum_en. html Gaudium et spes | Catholic Social Services Australia. (n. d. ). Retrieved April  15, 2013, from http://catholicsocialservices. org. au/Catholic_Social_Teaching/Gaudium_et_spes Pastoral Constitution on the Church in the Modern Word-Gaudium et Spes. (n. d. ). Retrieved April  12, 2013, from http://www. vatican. va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_cons_19651207_gaudium-et-spes_en. htmlSexual revolution in 1960s United States – Wikipedia, the free encyclopaedia. (n. d. ). Retrieved  April  13 2013, from http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Sexual_revolution_in_1960s_United_States Dale A. Robbins; From the book, â€Å"What People Ask About The Church, What is the mission of the church? (n. d. ). Retrieved  April  13 2013 from http://www. victorious. org/churchbook/chur04. htm Michael Paul Gallagher S; Reaching out to the world: Gaudium et spes | Catholicireland. net. (n. d. ). Retrieved  April  12 2013 from, http://www. catholicireland. net/reaching-out-to-the-world-gaudium-et-spes/

Your Quick Guide to Capitalization Rules

Your Quick Guide to Capitalization Rules Looking for an easy-to-use reference for capitalization rules in English? Look no further, weve got you covered. From whether to capitalize days of the week to how to handle government departments and more- here is your quick guide to capitalization rules and examples of the rules used in a sentence, phrase, or word.Capitalize the first word of a sentence.This sentence begins with a capital letter.Capitalize proper nouns and their adjective derivatives. Keep in mind that proper nouns are nouns that refer to a specific person, place, organization, or thing.Ill have Canadian whiskey on ice, please.Capitalize brand names.NikeHiltonCinnabonSonyCapitalize days of the week, months of the year, holidays and historical episodes/erasMondayJuneHalloweenAmerican Revolutionary Warthe Great DepressionCapitalize institutions, governmental entities and departments, organizations and religions.University of Marylandthe Electoral CollegeDepartment of Agriculturethe Clinton FoundationBuddhistCapitaliz e races, nationalities, languages and tribes.CaucasianAmericanEnglishEskimosCapitalize titles when they are used before names unless a comma is used between the title and name. Do not capitalize the title if it is used instead of a name.The president will discuss the companys goals in coming months.President Trump addressed the nation on Monday.Chairman of the Board Michael Tucker will be speaking with us tonight.The chairman of the board, Michael Tucker, will be speaking with us tonight.When a formal title or kinship name is used as a direct address, capitalize it.Am I going to be okay, Doctor?Hey Mom, were going to a concert, do you want to join?Geographical regions should be capitalized, but not points on the compass.Shes from out West- you can tell from her accent.When you get to the end of the street, turn north.Do not capitalize the words city, town, and county if they come before a proper noun. If it is part of the proper noun, capitalize it.The city of Chicago.Millford Count y, West VirginiaThe county of MarionNew York CityMarin CountyThe first word in a complete quotation should be capitalized, even if it occurs midsentence. The only instance where the first word is not capitalized is if the quoted material is not a complete sentence and is only used to continue a sentence.The waiter only smiled and said, Youll have to sit at the bar if you want a seat.We did want a seat so decided the bar was better than nothing.Specific course titles should be capitalized but not academic subjects in general.Creative Writing 101He taught creative writing to undergraduates.Capitalize art, architectural, and literary movements.Surrealist painter Max Ernst is one of my favorite artists.The Colonial-style house sat on the northeast corner of the block.Lord Byron was one of the most well-known writers in British Romanticism.When capitalizing titles in heading case, capitalize all nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs, and pronouns. Do not capitalize an article (the, a, an), c oordinating conjunctions (and, or, nor, but, yet, so, for), or prepositions (from, with) unless they are the first or last word of the sentence. However, note that there are discrepancies in rules relating to capitalizing prepositions in a title depending on the style guide used.A Tale of Two CitiesMen Are from Mars, Women Are from VenusHere Today and Gone Tomorrow

Challenges of Electronic Records Management Program

Therefore, we design the system need to consider many issues when using the system, now we are going to discuss some cases and solutions about this topic. Email with attachments is the lower cost way to keep records. For example: order confirmation, quotation, invoice†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦etc. Many small organizations may not have a faultless email filing plan, they just provide email account which is using POP3 to receive email from SMTP server, even they won’t keep any copy on server if make sure the mail already transmitted to user’s PC. User can print out the hard copy if they think it is a record or they can press delete button on any mail they think it is not useful. But this method have some issues need to beware, if user just pressed the wrong button on some mail, then this mail will not be found anymore. Because we have not any extra copy of this mail, so must be keep the copy on mail server for back up use, we can create destruction period of these extra mail copy, maybe three or six months, it is depends on different company practice. Also, we can provide staff training to teach end user how to operate and fully use email tools to storage email records. Back up schedule for email system also necessary. Some organizations will create shared drive at their work place’s PC network to store or share some centralized files to let multi users read, modify†¦.. etc. This is best way to let users to get the updated information. We need to concern the security and how to protect records consistency, before to create home group network, we need concern how to set up permission of individual user, permission means the user can read, modify, delete files or folder on the network. In general, server’s administrator is allowed to full control the files and folders on shared drive, we won’t allow â€Å"everyone† to full control shared drive’s folder and files. This can avoid someone to destroy any data on shared drive. Also, all data on shared drive need to do the route back up; this avoids the hardware shut down suddenly. Back up can do by manual, copy and paste to external drive, or upload to cloud storage space, or other storage media which can be archival easier. Some organizations need invested many sources and IT support to manage their electronic records management systems (ERMS). For example, hospital and bank, they need storage and process many confidential and private records by daily work. Also, these electronic records system also need link up database to make sure records keep consistency. ERMS can let user to track and store records easier and centralize all the records. User can use sort function to search the records what they need. ERMS can allow multi users to login database. Therefore, should need set up some retractions when design the program. For example, if a record was modifying, system will alert other user this is not updated record. Also, ERMS need keep maximum protection of system to protect any attack from hacker or viruses oppositely. Therefore, these ERMS should need IT support team to monitor the systems daily operation to maintenance systems are operated smoothly and provide urgent support when the system was shut down and solve the trouble issues immediately. Some organizations start to change their paper-based records to digital images. Scanner is the common and user friendly. Their output files can be PDF, TIF†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦etc. We need use software (Adobe reader or window defaulted software) to open related files. Normally all scan copy should need contain at lease 200 dpi to ensure the soft copy quality. Digital images record is most convenience way and lower cost way to let user search for records and keep long storage life, avoid data will affected by storage environment. But also need select storage media carefully. We need select storage media consider on records’ retention period and activity level. We suggest keeping same retention period record on same storage media, please don’t mix up different retention period records together. Also, if save the records on external storage media, CD-Rom or DVD, it’s need consider the records privacy level, don’t put the storage media to public place, it is easy to disclose the private data if the record is confidential. For confidential records, we suggest to store or archival records use password to meet the protect purpose. Up to now, store electronic records is seldom, many organizations were developing their own electronic record management system. In fact, build up the new system is so easy, but going to maintenance system is hard task. Organizations should be concern and set up some policy is suit for own company to follow. Moreover, disposition procedure of electronic records also very important. If organization decide to use electronic record management system, design workflow of handle electronic records is necessary. Also, staff training is good way to teach end user to use systems to match their daily work for seeking records. This is direct affect records are storage or use well. If electronic records were stored properly, it is totally save organization cost to keep paper-based records and increase staff efficiency. Therefore, build up the faultless system can bring organization many advantages for business, of course need follow above solutions to improve system. If organization can managed electronic records very well, it is bring some confidence to customer; it can earn some goodwill value for business. For the future, we believe paper-less business will be more popularize, that’s why well prepare electronic record management system is very valuable. This can bring organization much future contribution.

Risk Assessment report on an organization (Toyota USA) Research Paper

Risk Assessment report on an organization (Toyota USA) - Research Paper Example It is one of the highest ranked car companies in the entire world in terms of global brands. Even when sales are low Toyota in the United States sold almost 1.8 million vehicles, thus the company is able to make 16.7% share in the market. Toyota Being the third largest car manufacturer in the world, it has been known as the most efficient. The main business segments include automotive and financial services. The automotive segment can account for at least 90% of the revenue in Toyota and almost 96 percent of Toyota’s operating income. The manufacturing, product development and vendor management practices of Toyota Company are known to be the best. This risk assessment was carried out on Toyota Company in the USA to find out on the risks that face the company during production, selling and distribution. Toyota USA is faced with major risks that can affect the profitability of the operations. Factors such as vehicle sales volume, marketing costs, sales incentives, and price discounts, the vehicle models and the options that are sold, customer warranty claims or customer satisfaction actions, cost of research and other costs, production capacity, changes in the value of currencies used in Toyota business, intensified competition, and regulation issues. In Toyota company product development can be highly capital intensive. In any automobile industry, this has been experienced. The automakers are faced with the challenge of making new models from time to time to stay up to standards. The automakers are supposed to standardize the core product through creating a platform on which, they can build feature. Toyota can be said to be the pioneer in product development that is lean. A philosophy where a company is supposed to come up with a development process that comes up with new products using minimum resources. According to Toyota Motor Corporation SWOT Analysis 10, the automotive market worldwide is very competitive. Thus, Toyota faces high